In modern high-end industrial equipment, from precision machine tool spindles to six-axis industrial robot joints and aerospace attitude control systems, crossed roller bearings (CRB) stand out with their high load capacity, compact structure, and exceptional rotational accuracy. These bearings are the core components enabling high-performance motion control.
Behind these superior performances lies a highly precise and complex manufacturing process. This article provides engineers and procurement professionals with a comprehensive overview of the full CRB manufacturing chain and key technical highlights.
The reliability of high-performance bearings starts with material selection. CRBs typically use high-carbon chromium bearing steel (e.g., GCr15/52100) or high-performance alloy steels.
Material purity and grain structure: Fine and uniform grains, free of inclusions and micro-cracks, are critical for corrosion resistance and fatigue life.
Pre-treatment processes: Annealing, homogenization, spectral analysis, and ultrasonic inspection ensure defect-free steel, providing a stable foundation for micro-level precision machining.
The rotational accuracy of a CRB relies on the precise geometry of rollers and raceways.
Roller precision machining: Ultra-precision grinding and polishing, combined with laser inline measurement systems, ensure roller dimensional deviations are controlled within micron or sub-micron levels.
Raceway machining: Inner and outer raceways undergo multiple grinding and honing/polishing processes on CNC grinders to guarantee roundness and contact angle precision, ensuring uniform load distribution and high motion rigidity.
The hardness, toughness, and wear resistance of bearing components are achieved through heat treatment and surface engineering.
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