In the realm of modern precision machinery and automated equipment pursuing ultimate performance, crossed roller bearings have become critical core components due to their unparalleled high rigidity, precision, and exceptional load-carrying capacity. However, even with top-tier manufacturing processes, bearings may still encounter troublesome noise and vibration challenges during prolonged operation. These seemingly minor “tremors” and “whispers” not only undermine equipment stability and precision but may also signal the risk of premature bearing failure. This article delves into the root causes of these issues and offers a series of practical, forward-thinking prevention and resolution strategies. Our aim is to help you optimize equipment performance and significantly extend the service life of your crossed roller bearings.
1. Manufacturing Imperfections and Quality Control:
Surface Roughness and Micro-Defects: Minor ripples, scratches, or irregularities on roller or raceway surfaces directly generate friction and impact noise during high-speed bearing operation.
Geometric “Imbalance”: Tolerance deviations in roller dimensions, shape (e.g., roundness, taper), or raceway curvature cause uneven contact between rollers and raceways, triggering irregular motion and vibration.
Internal Material “Hidden Hazards”: Undetected non-metallic inclusions, porosity, or microstructural inhomogeneities in steel may form fatigue sources at stress concentration points, accelerating bearing degradation.
2. Installation Process “Negligence” and Technical Challenges:
Preload “Mismanagement”: Over-tightening causes excessive internal stresses and increased friction; under-tightening may create excessive clearance, leading to impact vibration.
“Deviations” in concentricity and perpendicularity: Minor installation surface irregularities (e.g., runout, tilt) on bearing housings or shafts force bearings to bear uneven loads, triggering periodic vibrations.
The cost of “brutal” installation: Improper methods like hammering or striking readily deform bearing raceways, rollers, or cages, potentially creating microcracks.
3. Lubrication Management Blind Spots and Maintenance Shortcomings:
Lubricant Film Deficiency: Insufficient or improperly selected lubricants fail to form a stable oil film isolating metal contact, causing dry friction, overheating, and harsh noise.
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